Comprehensive Introduction to Hydraulic Hoses

I. Definition and Structure

Hydraulic hoses are flexible pipelines specifically designed for the transmission of high-pressure media such as liquids, gases, or oils, with performance superior to ordinary rubber hoses. Their typical structure consists of the following four layers:

‌Inner Rubber Layer‌: This layer directly contacts the conveyed medium and is made of oil-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials (such as nitrile rubber) to prevent the medium from eroding the reinforcement layer.

‌Reinforcement Layer‌: Composed of wire braid or winding, it serves as the pressure-bearing skeleton and determines the hose's pressure resistance.

‌Intermediate Rubber Layer‌: Connects the inner rubber layer and the reinforcement layer, enhancing the overall structural stability.

‌Outer Rubber Layer‌: Protects the reinforcement layer from damage by external environments (such as abrasion, UV rays, chemicals).

II. Classification and Types

Based on materials, processes, and applications, hydraulic hoses are mainly classified into the following categories:

‌Wire Braid Hoses‌: Reinforced with multiple layers of wire braid, suitable for medium to high-pressure scenarios (such as hydraulic systems in construction machinery).

‌Wire Spiral Hoses‌: With spiral-wound wire, they have higher pressure resistance (up to 100 MPa or more) and are used in ultra-high-pressure systems (such as mining machinery).

‌Fiber Braid Hoses‌: Lightweight and flexible, suitable for low-pressure applications (such as automotive braking systems).

‌Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) Hoses‌: Resistant to high temperatures and corrosion, used for the transfer of corrosive media in the chemical and food industries.

III. Standards

Hydraulic hoses must comply with international and national standards. Common standards include:

‌International Standards‌: DIN EN 853 (braided), DIN EN 856 (spiral-wound), ISO 1436 (braided), ISO 3862 (spiral-wound).

‌National Standards‌: GB/T 3683-2011 (braided), GB/T 10544-2003 (spiral-wound), GB 9573 (industry-wide).

IV. Application Fields

Hydraulic hoses are widely used in the following scenarios:

‌Construction Machinery‌: Hydraulic power transmission in excavators, loaders, etc.

‌Mining and Metallurgy‌: Equipment connections in high-pressure and high-abrasion environments.

‌Chemicals and Petroleum‌: Transportation of corrosive media (such as PTFE hoses).

‌Aerospace and Automotive‌: Precision hydraulic systems requiring high-temperature resistance and vibration resistance.

V. Industry Characteristics

‌Significant Technological Differentiation‌: Fierce competition in the low-end market, with high-end products relying on technological barriers (such as high-pressure and long-life designs).

‌Innovation-Driven‌: Continuous research and development are required to meet demands for "low bending radii, high pressures, and multifunctionality".

‌High Stability Requirements‌: The formulation and production process directly affect the safety of hydraulic systems, necessitating strict quality control.

VI. Performance Advantages

‌High Pressure Resistance‌: Achieved through the wire reinforcement layer, with a maximum pressure capacity of 100 MPa.

‌Pulse Resistance‌: Special process treatments can withstand pulse impacts in hydraulic systems.

‌Flexibility and Durability‌: With a minimum bending radius of only six times the outer diameter, adapting to complex installation environments.

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